Study of dexamethasone,baicalin and octreotide on brain injury of rats with severe acute pancreatitis

Objective  

To investigate the protecting effects of dexamethasone (DXM), baicalin and octreotide on brain injury of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and explore their underlying mechanism.     

Effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in condyloma acuminatum

BackgroundThe effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in condyloma acuminatum tissues was evaluated.MethodsAn immunohistochemical method and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling were performed to detect the positive expression of the keratinocyte proliferation-related gene Ki-67 and apoptosis, respectively, in condyloma acuminatum tissues.ResultsOf 52 cases, 44 showed positive expression of Ki-67 in condyloma acuminatum keratinocytes before the treatment, with a positive expression rate of 84.62% (44/52), an expression strength of mostly ++ − +++, and a Ki-67 proliferation index of 80.26 ± 5.07%. After treatment, 22 cases showed positive expression of Ki-67 in condyloma acuminatum keratinocytes, with a positive expression rate of 42.31% (22/52), an expression strength of mostly − − ++, and a proliferation index of 42.67 ± 3.06%. The differences in the positive expression rate, expression strength, and proliferation index in the before- and after-treatment groups were statistically significant (χ² = 20.070, P < 0.001). For visible apoptotic cells in condyloma acuminatum keratinocytes before the 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic treatment, the expression strength was mostly + − ++, and the average apoptotic index was 13.94 ± 2.35%; after treatment, the expression strength was mostly ++ − +++, and the average apoptotic index was 73.88 ± 7.65%; the difference in the apoptotic index between the before and after treatment groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).Conclusion5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of keratinocytes, and represents an effective mechanism for treating condyloma acuminatum.     

Spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and bioactivities of crude secondary roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux (Fuzi) and its three processed products on mitochondrial growth coupled with canonical correlation analysis

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The crude secondary roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux (Fuzi), together with its processed products, including Yanfuzi, Heishunpian and Paofupian, are commonly applied in clinic using for thousands of years, such as collapse, syncope, rheumatic fever, painful joints and various tumors.Aim of the study: To explore the different effects of Fuzi and its processed products on energy metabolism, with mitochondria as the model with the aim of guiding the clinical use of Fuzi and its products. fingerprints of Fuzi, Yanfuzi, Heishunpian and Paofupian were established by Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) and effects of Fuzi and its processed products on rat’s liver׳s mitochondrial metabolism were studied by microcalorimetry. Spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and energy metabolism of mitochondria were investigated using canonical correlation analysis (CCA).Results: Because of their inherent differences in chemical compositions, the main activities of energy metabolism of mitochondria were different among Fuzi and its processed products. The potential bioactivity sequence of the tested products was Fuzi>Heishunpian>Paofupian>Yanfuzi. Results of CCA showed that compounds mesaconitine, benzoylaconitine, and benzoylhypacoitine might be the principal active components.Conclusion: Altogether, this work provides a general model of combination of UPLC and microcalorimetry to study the spectrum-effect relationships of Fuzi and its processed products which can offer some references for detecting principal components of traditional Chinese medicine on bioactivity to mitochondrial growth.     

肺络瘀阻与COPD合并肺动脉高压的相关性研究

目的：通过观察COPD合并肺动脉高压大鼠肺血管病理变化及血管内皮功能的变化,探讨肺络病变与COPD合并肺动脉高压的相关性。方法：采用一次性腹腔注射MCT（60mg/kg）复制COPD合并肺动脉高压大鼠模型,常规饲养28天后处死并收集大鼠血清及肺组织标本。应用HE染色及免疫组织化学技术观察肺小动脉病理形态学变化及VEGF在肺小动脉血管壁的表达;采用放射免疫及硝酸还原酶法分别测定肺组织匀浆中ET-1、NO含量;采用ELISA法测定血清中VEGF水平。结果：模型组大鼠在细支气管周围或其它部位的小动脉可见管腔变小、狭窄,甚至不完全闭锁,血管中膜变厚且平滑肌细胞增生肥厚明显,肺血管损伤明显,内皮细胞变性肿胀增生,突向血管腔内,甚至坏死脱落,免疫组化显示模型组VEGF表达明显高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）;与正常组相比较模型组大鼠肺组织匀浆中NO表达明显减少（P〈0.01）,ET-1水平明显升高（P〈0.05）;模型组血清中VEGF表达明显高于正常组（P〈0.01）。结论：一次性腹腔内注射MCT即可引起肺血管内皮细胞损伤、促使大鼠肺小血管结构重建,从而诱导肺动脉高压形成,与COPD渐进为肺动脉高压的病理特点相符合;COPD合并肺动脉高压大鼠肺血管舒缩功能异常与久病入络,导致肺络中气滞、血瘀、津凝或脉络损伤密切相关。     

胃癌术后中医证型演变的临床观察

目的：观察胃癌术后患者不同阶段中医证型的演变,为中医治疗胃癌术后辨证论治提供依据。方法：对48例胃癌术后患者按时间分为术后早期、化疗期间、化疗间期以及术后1年进行临床观察,归纳各期主要中医证型。结果：①术后早期以脾气不足为主,兼有气滞、湿阻;②化疗期间以气血亏虚为主,兼有气逆、湿阻;③化疗间期以脾肾两虚为主,兼有阴虚;④术后1年以肝胃不和为主,兼有气血不足、血瘀。结论：胃癌术后以虚证为主,不同阶段的证型各有侧重,宜分期论治。     

287例大肠癌中医证候研究

目的：探讨大肠癌的主要中医证候以及证候的主要症状组成。方法：应用前瞻性、横断面调查方法,收集287例大肠癌患者四诊信息,应用聚类分析和主成分分析方法,对资料进行分析研究。结果：287例大肠癌的中医证候可分为5类,分别是脾虚湿阻证、气血亏虚证、阴虚内热证、湿热蕴结证、瘀血内停证,并运用主成分分析筛选出大肠癌证候的主要症状。结论：以群体调查为基础,结合数理统计分析方法,能够较规范地开展大肠癌中医证候的研究。     

Mechanical loading leads to osteoarthritis-like changes in the hypofunctional temporomandibular joint in rats

ObjectivesTemporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypofunction secondary to feeding a liquid diet in the growing period leads to morphological hypoplasia. However, few studies have evaluated the results of mechanical loading on the hypoplastic TMJ. This study investigated whether TMJ hypofunction in rats causes osteoarthritis (OA)-like changes when exposed to mechanical loading.DesignMale 21-day-old Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The first group (C) served as the control. In the second group (W), mechanical loading was applied to the TMJ by continuous steady mouth opening (3 h/day for 5 days) from 63 days of age. A jaw-opening device was used to hold the mandible open in the maximal mouth-opening position with a cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) wire (φ: 0.9 mm). Groups C and W both received a normal hard diet. The third group (L) and fourth group (LW) were fed a liquid diet and group LW were subjected to the same loading as group W. We evaluated the TMJ using micro-CT, toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13.ResultsIn group LW in the superior and posterior regions of the condyle, bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness and trabecular number were significantly decreased and trabecular spacing was significantly increased. The ratio of MMP-13 immunopositive cells was significantly higher than in the other groups. OA-like changes were also observed, including reduced thickness of the cartilage, irregularities in the chondrocytic layer, and cell-free areas.ConclusionsTMJ hypofunction in rats is likely to lead to OA-like changes when exposed to mechanical loading.     

宽胸气雾剂缓解冠心病心绞痛的多中心随机对照临床研究

目的评价宽胸气雾剂缓解冠心病心绞痛疗效及安全性。方法选择2011年11月—2012年12月,13个临床中心诊断为冠心病心绞痛患者780例,按区组随机序号随机分为宽胸气雾剂组（试验组）376例和硝酸甘油片组（对照组）374例。心绞痛发作时,治疗组宽胸气雾剂舌下连续3喷,每喷0.6 mL;对照组舌下含服硝酸甘油0.5 mg/片。观察心绞痛缓解有效率、心电图疗效、不良反应发生率。结果治疗组患者心绞痛 3 min缓解率为53.72% （202/376）,5 min缓解率为94.41% （355/376）;对照组患者心绞痛3 min缓解率为47.86%（179/374）,5 min缓解率为90.64%（339/374）。3 min、5 min心绞痛缓解率组间差值95%可信区间分别为［－1.84%,12.32%］和［－1.33%,6.85%］,组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。治疗组治疗后心电图改善总有效率74.07%（140/189）,对照组心电图改善总有效率73.13%（147/201）,组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。治疗组和对照组不良反应发生率分别为9.31%（35/376）和22.46%（84/374）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论宽胸气雾剂缓解心绞痛和改善心电图缺血改变方面不劣于硝酸甘油片,不良反应发生率明显少于硝酸甘油片。     

Acupuncture effects on in-vitro fertilization pregnancy outcomes: A meta-analysis

BackgroundThe effects of acupuncture on in-vitro fertilization outcomes remain controversial. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy to embryo transfer compared to sham-controls or no adjuvant therapy controls on improving pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization.MethodsA systematic literature search up to January 2021 was performed and 29 studies included 6623 individuals undergoing in-vitro fertilization at the baseline of the study; 3091 of them were using acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy to embryo transfer, 1559 of them were using sham-controls, and 1441 of them were using no adjuvant therapy controls. They reported a comparison between the effectiveness of acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy to embryo transfer compared to sham-controls or no adjuvant therapy controls on improving pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated assessing the effectiveness of acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy to embryo transfer compared to sham-controls or no adjuvant therapy controls using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed-effect model.ResultsSignificantly higher outcomes with acupuncture were observed in biochemical pregnancy (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.55–2.53, p < 0.001); clinical pregnancy (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.46–1.98, p < 0.001); ongoing pregnancy (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.41–2.26, p < 0.001); and live birth (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.15–2.18, p = 0.005) compared to no adjuvant therapy controls. However, no significant difference were found between acupuncture and no adjuvant therapy controls in miscarriage (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.48–1.92, p = 0.91).No significant difference was observed with acupuncture in biochemical pregnancy (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.65–2.08, p = 0.62); clinical pregnancy (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.83–1.54, p = 0.43); ongoing pregnancy (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.66–1.62, p = 0.87); live birth (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.73–1.42, p = 0.90), and miscarriage (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.86–1.55, p = 0.34) compared to sham-controls.ConclusionsUsing acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy to embryo transfer may improve the biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth outcomes compared to no adjuvant therapy controls. However, no significant difference was found between acupuncture as an adjuvant therapy to embryo transfer and sham-controls in any of the measured outcomes. This relationship forces us to recommend the use of acupuncture as adjuvant therapy in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization and inquire further studies comparing acupuncture and sham-controls to reach the best procedure.